62Part ILinux First Steps ./home Contains directories assigned to (Web site development)
62Part ILinux First Steps ./home Contains directories assigned to each user with a login account. ./mnt Provides a location for mounting devices, such as remote file systemsand removable media (with directory names of cdrom, floppy, and so on). ./proc Contains information about system resources. ./root Represents the root user s home directory. ./sbin Contains administrative commands and daemon processes. ./sys(A /proc-like file system, new in the Linux 2.6 kernel and intended tocontain files for getting hardware status and reflecting the system s devicetree as it is seen by the kernel. It pulls many of its functions from /proc. ./tmp Contains temporary files used by applications. ./usr Contains user documentation, games, graphical files (X11), libraries(lib), and a variety of other user and administrative commands and files. ./var Contains directories of data used by various applications. In particular, this is where you would place files that you share as an FTP server (/var/ftp) or a Web server (/var/www). It also contains all system log files (/var/log). The file systems in the DOS or Microsoft Windows operating systems differ fromLinux s file structure, as the Linux File Systems Versus Windows-Based File Systems sidebar explains. Linux File Systems Versus Windows-Based File SystemsAlthough similar in many ways, the Linux file system has some striking differences from filesystems used in MS-DOS and Windows operating systems. Here are a few: .In MS-DOS and Windows file systems, drive letters represent different storage devices(for example, A: is a floppy drive and C: is a hard disk). In Linux, all storage devicesare fit into the file system hierarchy. So, the fact that all of /usrmay be on a separatehard disk or that /mnt/rem1is a file system from another computer is invisible tothe user. .Slashes, rather than backslashes, are used to separate directory names in Linux. So, C:homechrisin an MS system is /home/chrisin a Linux system. .Filenames almost always have suffixes in DOS (such as .txtfor text files or .docfor word-processing files). Although at times you can use that convention in Linux, three-character suffixes have no required meaning in Linux. They can be useful foridentifying a file type. .Every file and directory in a Linux system has permissions and ownership associatedwith it. Security varies among Microsoft systems. Because DOS and MS Windowsbegan as single-user systems, file ownership was not built into those systems whenthey were designed. Later releases added features such as file and folder attributesto address this problem.
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